Dayenu–Singing and Learning

How lucky we are when we come upon a prayer that we know how to sing. Putting the words to a familiar tune allows them to flow more easily from our lips. It’s even more exciting when we discover that the words we are singing can also be instructive.

Such is the case with Dayenu, certainly one of the favorites of the Hagaddah. As you are enjoying the singing of Dayenu at your Seder table, take the time to discuss some of the following:

Dayenu–it would have been enough for us

When is it appropriate to say, "I’ve had enough?" How does Dayenu respond to a world in which greed and over-consumption are far too prevalent? Think and discuss how the mitzvot encourage us to give up something–Tzedakah, Kashrut and Shabbat teach us to do without money, food and activity–yet we still have enough of all of these.

Had God freed us from Egypt, but not executed judgment upon the Egyptians, it would have been enough for us.

In this case, "enough" is not to combat greed, but rather to avoid seeing pain on our enemies. What is the relationship between success and personal sacrifice? Is "No pain, no gain" always a true statement? Think about the pain and suffering which is necessary in combating illness, in order to achieve a successful outcome.

 Had he drowned our oppressors, but not fed us manna in the desert for forty years, it would have been enough for us.

A number of stanzas in Dayenu reflect the above message. In each case, the result is that God would have helped us, but ultimately we would have died anyway–at the hands of the Egyptians, from drowning, or, in this case, from starvation. Would we say "dayenu" in these situations? Is it truly a blessing to have a partial redemption? Think again about a person with a serious illness–can one be grateful for a single good day in the midst of many difficult ones? Do we take the time to express gratitude for the small, harder to notice, miracles?

Had He fed us manna, but not given us the Shabbat, it would have been enough for us.

Is our physical survival sufficient without a strong spiritual life? Is it truly enough to have food in our stomachs if we are not able to nourish our souls? If the answer is no, then why are we saying Dayenu here, and in similarly phrased stanzas?

Had He brought us to Mount Sinai without giving us the Torah–Dayenu, it would have been enough!

What would be the benefit of arriving at Sinai without actually receiving the Torah? Woody Allen said that 90% of life is "just showing up." Is it enough to "just show up" at the seder, the synagogue, the shiva house, etc. or do expect more of ourselves? On the other hand, there is a miracle in itself in having the entire Israelite population together at the foot of Mt. Sinai, not yet having received the Torah, but nonetheless a unified people.

Had He given us the Torah without leading us to the Land of Israel, it would have been enough for us.

What is the relationship between Zionism and Mitzvah observance? Can we have one without the other, and which is more important? Is secular Zionism enough? Is mitzvah observance which does not lead to a stronger State of Israel enough?

I hope your Seder will be enhanced by these and other questions. Your Seder should be an occasion for fun and family, but also for a renewed commitment to Jewish education, ritual practice and a spiritual connection to God. When it comes to Judaism, let us never say Dayenu. There is always more to do and learn